Science (Biology section 01) identification and extraction experiment _ spark

28 £ ® (25 min) (in 2007, the college entrance examination in Ningxia) answer I, II small problem: I. some corn grain seed germination after grinding homogenized and filtered, was extract. Take 6 test tube respectively A B C D E group F (20 ° c) in b (40 ° c), group c (100 ° c) equal amounts of starch solution, divided into 3 groups and respectively adjusted to different temperatures, as shown, and then in each test tube in the same amount of corn seed extract, keep the Group temperature after 30 minutes, to continue the experiment (extract of the material in the restore ignored): (1) if the A, C, E, respectively, in the third test tube and add appropriate amount of bancroftian reagents or fehling reagents, boiling water bath for a period of time, the observation of the test tube in which liquid color solid brick red tube is _______; brick red tube is deeper, darker ______ because ______; color of tube is ______, color is _________. (2) if the B, D, F, in three test tube respectively equal amounts of iodine solution, observation of three test tube, found that the color is blue liquid, produces the colors cause is ______________. (3) the above experiment three processing temperature is not necessarily the corn grain extracts promote optimum temperature of starch decomposition. How do you determine the optimal design of experiments to temperature (only write out the design ideas) II. same species of watermelons in abiotic factors on the same two pieces of land, but the yield per unit area vary greatly, in order to explore two land yield different reasons, depending on the knowledge to make a worthwhile research (write out the class of subject). I £ ® (1) A and C (2) C (2) amylase in 40 ℃ pm activity relatively high starch hydrolysis amylase catalytic by reducing sugar (4 min) E (2 min) enzyme inactivation (2 min) (2) the remainder of the starch in case of iodine to blue (2) (3) at 20 ° c and 100 ° c temperature intervals between an experimental group and other experimental conditions. To reflect the liquid and the reagent (or for iodine solution or for spot's reagent or for fehling reagents) color response level to determine the optimum temperature indicators. (8 min) II. (3 min) and pest on the impact of watermelon (3 min) (booklet answers a variety, as long as reasonable to sub) resolution: germinating amylase enzyme activity high, but need the proper temperature. 19. (2007 entrance Jiangsu volume) if to egg protein-protein identification for materials for experiments, find protein fluids and biuret reaction reagent will stick on the wall of solid in a test tube. Following on the formation of the description is correct () A. egg protein dilution is not enough, mixing unevenness B £ ® only added the biuret reagents A, not add biuret reagent BC. egg protein solution is not a suitable of experimental material D £ ® protein fluids and biuret reaction time of A is not long enough analysis: fresh protein solution is good protein identification experimental material, but if the protein concentration is too high, the protein is easy walls of adhesion in a test tube, the test is finished it is difficult to clean. Comments: remind test candidates in "biological tissue protein identification" experiment in practical experience. Experimental examination of the characteristics of the biological disciplines. In recent years the college entrance examination, the multiple choice part of strengthening the principle of experimental teaching materials and phenomena, the experimental results and analysis of test. 21. (2007 entrance Jiangsu volume) with chicken for materials on DNA for rough extraction experiment, if you need further extract impurities less DNA, can be based on A principle is (). in the amount of substance concentration 0.14 mol/l sodium chloride solution in the DNA of solubility minimum B.DNA meets diphenylamine in boiling water bath conditions be dyed blue C.DNA insoluble in alcohol and some substances in soluble in alcohol concentration D £ ® to 0.1g/mL of the sodium citrate solution with anticoagulant effect C resolution: DNA crude extract of principle is: ① N D A L in 0.14mol/of sodium chloride solution minimum solubility; ② D N A insoluble in alcohol, but certain substances in the cells can be soluble in alcohol solution. ① use principle enables dissolved in sodium chloride solution DNA precipitation, realization of crude extract first step; use principle ② can further extract containing impurities less DNA. 32. (5 min) (entrance East volume 2007) (1) a classmate use fresh green leaves of maize in chlorophyll pigments for "extraction and separation of" realInspection, in the filter papers on four clear colour band, which is yellow-green pigment belt for ____. (2) the students changed chromatography solution composition to continue to experiment, the filter bar only appeared in yellow, and green with two colours. He cut out with a razor blade with pigment with filter paper, use a strip of ether were dissolved on the pigment, enriched with an analytical instrument detection, by analyzing the pigment solution to determine the kinds of strip of pigment. (3) experiment ended a few days later, b, c two students discovered part of the reserve has to yellow leaves. B students think that this is because some pigment degradation in leaves, c students certain pigment content is considered. According to what they have learned, how are you going to design experiments to determine the two classmates views properly? (1) chlorophyll b. (2) absorption. (3) from the reserve of the leaves in the selection of adequate size, weight equivalent, has similar to yellow leaves and not turn yellow leaves as experimental materials, in the same circumstances, again the photosynthetic pigment extraction experiment, determination and recording of test results, compare the two leaves of various colours, composition and content. Conception: test validation biological fact, correct analysis and processing of experimental phenomena and basic experiment results, at Khao examines the biological issues preliminary inquiry. 21. (2007 College Shanghai volumes) in the photosynthetic pigment of extraction and isolation experiments, collect the filtrate of green light, it may be a (D) ① no quartz sand, grinding insufficient ② once joined a large amount of ethanol extract ③ fractionated into small amounts of ethanol extract ④ use to place a few days of spinach leaves ①②③ A. ②③④ B £ ® C £ ® ① ③ ④ D £ ® ①② ④ 27. (Shanghai volume 2007 entrance) will be placed human red blood cells containing the following liquids in the centrifuge tube. 10分钟后离心，得到沉淀物和上清液，则上清液中K+含量最高的离心管内盛有（D）A．10％氯化钠溶液B．0.9％氯化钠溶液C．20％蔗糖溶液D．蒸馏水(广东文基)72．下列有关“叶绿体色素的提取和分离”实验的叙述正确的是（D）A．加入碳酸钙防止滤液挥发B．用NaCl溶液提取叶片中的色素C．用无水酒精或丙酮分离滤液中的色素D．加入二氧化硅（石英砂）有利于充分研磨(广东理基)37．下列健康人的4种液体样本中，能与双缩脲试剂发生紫色颜色反应的是（D）①尿液②胃液③汗液④唾液A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④第二讲 使用显微镜观察类实验1.（2007年高考广东卷）用洋葱鳞片叶表皮制备“观察细胞质壁分离实验”的临时装片，观察细胞的变化。 下列有关实验操作和结果的叙述，正确的是（B） A.将装片在酒精灯上加热后，再观察细胞质壁分离现象 B.在盖玻片一侧滴入清水，细胞吸水膨胀但不会破裂 C.用不同浓度的硝酸钾溶液处理细胞后，均能观察到质壁分离复原现象 D.当质壁分离不能复原时，细胞仍具正常生理功能2.（2007年高考广东卷）为进一步确定来源不同的A、B、C、D、E5种物质（或结构）的具体类型，进行了下列实验，现象与结果如下：①各种物质（或结构）的性质、染色反应的结果，见下表：┌────────┬──┬──┬───┬──┬──┐││A│B│C│D│E │├────────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│来源│猪血│马肝│蛙表皮│棉花│霉菌│├────────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│水溶性│＋ │ -│ ＋│ - │＋ │├────────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│成分│＋ │ -│ ＋ │- │ - │├─┬──────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│染│甲基绿溶液 │ -│ -│＋│ - │ - ││色├──────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│反│斐林试剂│ - │ -│- │- │ - ││应├──────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│ │苏丹Ⅲ溶液 │- │＋│-│ - │ - ││ ├──────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤│ │双缩脲试剂│＋ │ -│＋│ - │＋ ││ ├──────┼──┼──┼───┼──┼──┤││碘液│ - │ -│- │- │ - │└─┴──────┴──┴──┴───┴──┴──┘注：＋：有（溶解）；一：无（不溶解）；灰分指物质充分燃烧后剩下的部分。 ② A red detection after A ash containing Fe element found. ③ will join the right amount of E-solution containing d test tube, mixing time, mixed with fehling reagents and generate a brick red precipitate. 根据以上实验现象和结果，推断出：A、；B、；C、；D、；E、A、血红蛋白；B、脂肪；C、染色质（体）；D、纤维素（半纤维素）；E、纤维素酶（半纤维素酶）。 Resolution: on the basis of A derived from porcine blood, red, and biuret reaction reagent (protein), containing Fe element, you can predict A is hemoglobin. B can respond with Sudan Ⅲ solution, B is fat. C both in composition and reaction of methyl Green solution (DNA), and biuret reaction reagent (protein), you can determine C as Frog epidermal cells of chromosomes (qualitative). D from cotton, insoluble in water, does not contain mineral and staining reaction does not appear, you can guess, D is a polysaccharide D cannot and iodine liquid reaction, as a result, the cellulose D most likely represents. E from the mold, according to infer its ③ should be a decomposition of the enzyme, and D is a water-soluble proteins. Comments: booklet examines the main components in the Organization of the identification theory, as well as experimental phenomena correct reasoning abilities, with inductive read tables to obtain information. The Organization of identification experiment, learning how to solve problems related to experiment. 3. (2007 Guangdong Science Foundation), the following tests, you need to use the microscope is (C) A study on influence. enzymes factors B £ ® simulated urine testing C. low temperature or chemical substance-induced experimental chromosome doubling D £ ® large animal group in soil richness4. the research (2007 Beijing Haidian District), a student with a microscope observation of animal cells, he found the right vision of a cell, which contains 8 size, morphology of different chromosomes. To move the cell to the Central field of vision, and to identify the cell in which period. The following operations on slices and determine the period is correct is a group of () to move to the lower right side A., mitosis late B. move to the left, the first meiotic Division period C. move to the lower right side, the second meiotic Division period D. move to the left, toward the end of mitosis C parsing: microscope is two imaging, the bottom right of the cell is moved to the center of the vision of slices should move to the right, the entire process of mitosis cell always have homologous chromosomes exist, at which time the observation of cell size and the form of chromosomes, obviously not homologous chromosomes, in meiosis, reductive first split the homologous chromosomes separate, second meiotic Division of cells in a homologous chromosomes.